Vinyl mastering is a specialized form of analog mastering that tailors an album for optimal playback on vinyl records. The process for mastering a song for CD or digital release differs significantly from mastering it for vinyl. While the overall balance and equalization might seem similar, the dynamic range and optimization for vinyl can be quite different.
In vinyl mastering, we follow the standards set by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), which outlines the technical requirements for recording and playing back vinyl records. A key feature of this process is that recordings are typically boosted in the high frequencies and reduced in the low frequencies during the mastering stage. When played back, the reverse happens—high frequencies are reduced, and low frequencies are boosted. This is done to improve playback quality, extend the length of playback, and minimize groove damage during playback.
The RIAA equalization curve is not simply a low-pass filter but involves specific equalization points at 2100 Hz, 500 Hz, and 50 Hz. While implementing this curve isn’t overly complex, it requires more than just a standard EQ filter. Most hi-fi preamplifiers and receivers in the past included a built-in phono preamp with the RIAA equalization, although this feature is less common in modern designs. There are also standalone phono preamps with the RIAA curve, which connect to unbalanced -10 dB consumer line-level RCA inputs. Some modern turntables come with built-in RIAA preamps as well. For records released before 1954, there are also specialized preamplifiers that accommodate different equalization curves.
See RIAA Equalization.
Vinyl mastering is an additional cost of $20 per song. The files are delivered as .WAV or .AIFF, whichever the cutting plant requires. In some cases DDP files are required.